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Disclaimers, Copyright, and Credits

Disclaimers

This is an early draft. I haven't proofread; there are plenty of typos and probably some more significant errors as well.

Most pages on this site are currently auto-translated. The autotranslations are intended as a starting point for my manual translations. At best, they are awkward stringing-togethers of words and phrases in the corpus database that can benefit from cleaning up. At worst, they are picking the wrong homograph. Auto-translations are indicated by italics.

I am not a rabbi or an expert. These are my translations, and in some cases I am certainly misunderstanding things.

The Talmud is a document of its time. While the Talmud is a foundational document of Judaism, it must be read in its historical context. There are passages that are xenophobic, sexist, and irreconcilable with modern science. Not everything in these pages represents contemporary Judaism.

Copyright

This translation is protected by copyright. I'm putting a lot of effort into this project. Please respect that by only copying with my permission.

I intend to provide free licenses for most uses. I plan to use a Creative Commons CC-NC-BY-SA license, which will allow you to re-use my translations as long as you don't charge money for them (NC), as long as you give me credit (BY), and as long as you make your derived work available under the same terms (SA). But I'm not ready to do that yet because this is still a very rough work-in-progress.

In the meantime, if you want to re-use this, please contact me. I am willing to discuss re-use on an ad hoc basis. Perhaps the one page you want to use is actually ready for re-use. Ask. I'll probably work out a way to say "yes."

Credits

I need to clean up this section. But for now, I'll note that I've made use of the Hebrew/Aramaic text of the Bavli at Mechon Mamre; Jastrow's dictionary; "The Practical Talmud Dictionary" by Yitzchak Frank. I've also used the big three translations of the Talmud --- Soncino (English), Artscroll (English), and Steinsaltz (Hebrew) --- and the Kehati (English) edition of the Mishna, to help me understand passages before translating them.

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דף נה,א גמרא

Anyone who is prolonging in his prayer and he expects the fulfillment of it in the end shall come to his hands vexation of heart as it is said (Prov. 13) hope delayed sickens the heart and R' Yitzchak said three things recall the lit. his sins of a person and they are passing by a wall that is inclined and may fall while one is passing beneath and expectations of prayer and yielding judgement about his fellow to heaven i.e., taking a holier-than-thou attitude This does not present any difficulty because there is no contradiction referring back to one who prolongs his prayer vs. one who has expectations that it will be fulfilled This refers to one who expects of it that it will be fulfilled this one who does not expect of it And how does he act? He is prolix ??? in supplications And the one who prolongs the meal on his table Perhaps will come a poor person and he will give something to him As it is written (Ezek. 41) the altar of wood three cubits in height and then it is written (Ezek. 41) And he said to me this is the table which is before Hashem It opens with the altar and it closes with the table R' Yochanan and R' Elazar who both say The whole time that the House of Holiness the Temple stood, the altar atoned for Israel and now his table of a person atones for him.

And prolonging in the outhouse lit. in the house of the chair -- A good thing is it? For it was taught: ten matters bring in a person to suffer lit, to the hands of hemherroids One who eats 1 the leaves of reeds 2 and the leaves of vines 3 and the stalks of vines 4 and the threshing-sledge so Sonc.; Sonc. explains: rough parts of livestock 5 and the spine of a fish 6 and fish that is salted that is not cooked to all its needs 7 and the drinking of lees of wine 8 and the one who wipes with lime 9 and with clay 10 and one who wipes with pebbles that he wiped with it his fellow i.e., reused pebbles with which his fellow had wiped. and there are those who say יש אומרים Even one who exerts lit. hangs himself in the outhouse lit. in the house of the chair more than enough There is no difficulty. this one refers to a person who lengthens and he hangs this one refers to a person who lengthens and he does not hang This is like that which she said to him -- this particular matron said -- to R' Yehudah b. R'Ilai: Your face may be compared to those who raise pigs and to those who make loans with usurious interest he said to her By faith! To me both of them are forbidden But rather, twenty and four outhouses lit., house of the seat there are from my dwelling "Ushpiziyah" to the house of study and so when I am going from one of them to the other I examine my soul i.e., I see if my body needs to use the outhouse in all of them

and Rav Yehudah said three things shorten his days and his years of a person 1 one whoever that it is given to him a Torah scroll to read and he does not read 2 one who is given a cup of blessing to bless and he does not bless 3 and the one who accustoms himself to airs of authority so translates Sonc. == Let us examine each of these a Torah scroll to read and he does not read As it is written (Deut. 30) "For it is your life and the length of your days." Next, a cup of blessing to bless and he does not bless As it is written (Gen. 12) "And I will bless those who bless you" Finally, and the one who accustoms himself to airs of authority so translates Sonc. for thus said Rabbi Chama bar Chanina On account of what did he die -- i.e., Joseph -- before his brothers? because of the fact that he accustomed himself to airs of authority so translates Sonc.

and Rav Yehudah said Rav said three things are necessary that one should recite supplications for mercy regarding them, and they are: a good king a good year and a good dream a good king As it is written (Prov. 21) "water courses like the heart of a king are in the hand of Hashem" A good year As it is written (Deut. 11) "Continually the eyes of Hashem your God are on it, from the head of the year and until the end of the year" A good dream As it is written (Is. 38) "And you shall cause me to dream some texts read: And you shall cause me to live" some texts read: And you shall cause me to live" Rabbi Yochanan said: three things are proclaimed upon them the Holy One, Who is Blessed by Himself and they are famine and plenty and a leader who is good. Famine as it is written (II Kings 8) For Hashem called for a famine etc. Plenty As it is written (Ezek. 36) "And I shall call to the grain and I shall increase it" A good leader as it is written (Ex. 31) Some texts read: And he said Some texts read: And he spoke Hashem to Moses saying: See, I called by name Betzalel etc." Rabbi Yitzchak said We do not elevate a leader over the community unless they are "crowned" by the community as it is said (Ex. 35) saw Hashem called by Name Betzalel" He said to him -- the Holy One, Who is Blessed said to Moses -- Moses is Betzalel acceptable to you? He said to him: Master of the world if before you he is acceptable before me is it not all the more so? He said to him: "Even though it is thus, go, say to them." He went and He said to them: to Israel "Is Betzalel acceptable to you? They said to him: if before the Holy One, Who is Blessed and before you he is acceptable, before us is it not all the more so? R' Shmuel bar Nachmani said R' Yonatan said Betzalel because of lit. on the reputation of his wisdom was called Betzalel. at the hour that he said to him the Holy One, Who is Blessed to Moses go, say to him to Betzalel, Make for me a tabernacle the Ark and vessels Moses went and reversed and he said to him Make the Ark and vessels and tabernacle. He said to him Moses our rabbi, it is the custom of the world that a person builds the house and after this he brings in to its midst vessels and you say Make for me the Ark and vessels and tabernacle. The vessels that I make to where shall I bring them in? Perhaps thus said to you the Holy One, Who is Blessed Make a tabernacle the Ark and vessels He said to him Perhaps in the shadow of God in Hebrew, Betzal El בצל אל you were, and you knew.

Rav Yehudah said Rav said Betzalel knew how to combine letters by which were created heaven and earth It is written here (Ex. 35) "And he filled him with the spirit of God in wisdom and in understanding and in knowledge" And it is written there (Prov. 3) "Hashem in wisdom He laid the foundation of the earth He established heaven in understanding" and then it is written (Prov. 3) "With his knowledge the deeps were broken up." Rabbi Yochanan said: The Holy One, Who is Blessed, does not give wisdom except to whoever in which there is in him wisdom already as it is said (Dan. 2) "He gives wisdom to the wise and knowledge to those that know understanding." He heard -- Rav Tachlifa a son of the West did -- and he said it in front of Rabbi Abihu He said to him: You from there you learn it We from here we learn it As it is written (Ex. 31) "And in the hearts of all who are wise of heart I have given wisdom"

Rav Chisdah said Any dream and not a fast and Rav Chisdah said a dream that is not explained like a missive that is not read. and Rav Chisdah said No dream that is good is fulfilled lit. is stood up completely and no dream that is evil is fulfilled lit. is stood up completely and Rav Chisdah said a dream that is evil is preferable to a dream that is good And R' Chisda said a dream that is evil its sadness is enough for it a dream that is good its gladness is enough for it Rav Yosef said a dream that is good even for me ??? for him and Rav Chisdah said a dream that is evil is harder than scourging as it is said (Ecc. 3) "And God made it that they fear before Him." and Rabbah bar bar Channah said that R' Yochanan said this refers to a dream that is evil

(Jer. 23) "The prophet to whom came a dream he shall relate his dream and to whom My word came He shall say My word truthfully. What is the value to straw of the wheat says Hashem" And so What is the connection between wheat and straw by a dream except R' Yochanan said: in the name of R' Shimon ben Yochai in the same way where it is not possible for there to be wheat without straw thus in the same way it would be impossible to dream without items of unimportance. R' Berachia said a dream even though that a little bit of it shall be fulfilled lit., shall stand all of it shall not be fulfilled lit., shall not stand What is our source for this claim From Joseph, As it is written (Gen. 37) and behold the sun and the moon etc.

דף נה,ב גמרא

and this particular ??? No. ??? Thus said Rabbi Levi In reality lit: In the world ??? a person to dream good until ??? year" From where do we derive this? From Joseph, As it is written (Gen. 37) ??? Ya'akov Joseph son of "satisfied" ten year" etc. and then it is written (Gen. 41) and Joseph son of thirty year" ??? before Pharaoh etc. from ??? until ??? how much you shall three ??? and two ??? this one ??? Rav Huna said to a person good yes. ??? to him A good dream and to a person evil" yes. ??? to him a dream evil" Another teaching is like this: all his years of David No. he saw A good dream and all his years of Achitophel No. he saw a dream evil" For it is written (Ps. 91) No. ??? unto you evil and Rav Chisdah said Rav said Yirmiyah bar Abba that did not have ??? No. ??? evil ones and not ??? evil ones ??? No. ??? that did not have ??? your wife doubt whether a menstruant at the hour that you came from ??? except ??? No. Look, for him ??? they saw for him And so No. he saw ??? A good thing he For didn't R' say ??? all who goes seven days without a dream is called evil" as it is said (Prov. 19) "satisfied" ??? evil" We will suggest an alternate reading of this text: Do not read "satisfied" except "satisfied" except thus he comes to say i.e., what he really means is: that he saw and not know What then does it mean when it says he saw Rav Huna said son of Ami he said R' ??? that R' Yochanan said the one who sees a dream and your soul ??? before three ??? For didn't Rav Chisda say a dream that is not explained like a missive that is not read. except I would say ??? before three he shall take three and let us say, them a dream that is good ??? and let them sau for him ??? that is good he and that is good ??? the Merciful One ??? "satisfied" Oftentimes ??? from heaven? ??? that is good ??? that is good and let them sau three ??? and three ??? and three ??? three ??? (Ps. 30) ??? for me ??? happiness (Jer. 31) Then ??? a virgin ??? and elders ??? etc. (Deut. 23) and not ??? Hashem your God to hear to Bil'am ??? etc. three ??? As it is written (Ps. 55) "He redeemed in peace my soul and became close for me etc. (Is. 35) ??? Hashem ??? etc. (I Sam 14) and he said the nation to the grave ??? who One who acts ??? etc. three ??? As it is written (Is. 57) created ??? peace peace ??? he said Hashem ??? (I Chron. 12) wind of ??? ??? etc. (I Sam 25) ??? Thus ??? And you, peace ??? peace etc. Ameimar and Mar Zutra and Rav Ashi are they, ??? together They said: Each and every one of us Let us say, a saying that is not we heard for him ??? he opens one ??? and he said And if one that he saw a dream and not know What then does it mean when it says he saw he shall arise in the presence of ??? to inform lit: to witness ??? and let us say, thus Master of the World, I ??? a dream ??? Really? know Just as he between ??? I ??? or whether ??? for me my fellow or whether ??? on others if that are good are these ??? of Joseph and if are necessary ??? by way of lit., through the hands of Moses our rabbi, ??? Jericho by way of lit., through the hands of Elisha and in the same way ??? Bil'am the wicked ??? thus ??? all ??? by the ??? and would conclude ??? for he answered the congregation "Amen" and if No. Let us say, thus ??? you peace and Your Name peace May it be Your will before You, ??? peace he opens Watch out for leading vav !! And the other one and he said And if one ??? that is evil ??? ??? and let us say, thus I so-and-so son of so-and-so ??? that is not ??? of him. ??? that is evil as it is said (Gen. 49) son of ??? Joseph son of ??? by the well etc. We will suggest an alternate reading of this text: Do not read by the well except ??? well R' Yosi the son of Rabbi Chanina he said from here (Gen. 48) ??? "In proximity, the land Just as fish ??? water ??? upon them And there is no meaning to the word well evil ??? at them." Even ??? of Joseph yes. well evil ??? at them." and if ??? that is evil ??? he opens Watch out for leading vav !! And the other one and he said And if one ??? day that came first No. ??? so that thus it will be that is not ??? from here and onwards ??? This is like of Raba When it was that ??? day that came first No. ??? from here and onwards He said to him ??? Raba was ill one ??? for me seek by the prayers for mercies and one ??? for me ??? for me and then it is written (Prov. 24) ??? to ??? to ??? your heart, ??? He will see Hashem evil" in His eyes ??? Shmuel When it was that Look, a dream that is evil he said (Zech. 10) ??? When it was that Look, a dream that is good he said And so ??? For it is written (Num. 12) ??? in it Raba pointed out a contradiction. it is written ??? in it and then it is written ??? There is no difficulty. here, by way of lit., through the hands of ??? here, by way of lit., through the hands of ??? Thus said Rabbi ??? son of ??? Rabbi Akiva said: Thus said Rabbi ??? Thus said Rabbi ??? Thus said Rabbi ??? It is because of this: an elderly person one ??? R' ??? twenty and four ??? they were in Jerusalem One time ??? a dream ??? next to all of them for just as ??? for me this No. ??? for me this and all of them ??? among to establish Just as as it is said all ??? after the mouth because all ??? after the mouth he read he yes. ??? for thus said Rabbi ??? from where do we learn for all of ??? they walk after the mouth as it is said (Gen. 41) And it was as it was ??? to us thus he was Rabba said: This is only in the case ??? for him a summary of ??? as it is said (Gen. 41) a man ??? (Gen. 40) fears "the captain of ??? know R' Elazar said This teaches for all of one and one ??? of his fellow that R' Yochanan said One who arose early and it fell to him ??? his mouth Behold! This is ??? a small one and R' Yochanan said: three ??? a dream of morning, a dream ??? to his fellow a dream ??? in the midst of a dream and there are says Even a dream ??? as it is said (Gen. 41) and on ??? etc. he said R' Shmuel son of Nachmeni R' Yonatan said yes. ??? to a person except ??? his heart as it is said (Dan. 2) ??? the king ??? on ??? And if you wish, I would say from here (Dan. 2) ??? your heart" ??? Rabba said: Know ye that the following proof is conclusively true: that is not ??? for him ??? No. ??? and not ???